G6.2 Goal vs. source: N-占쏙옙占쏙옙/占쏙옙 vs. N-占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙, LOC-占쏙옙 vs. LOC-占쏙옙占쏙옙

Examples                                                                          Click here to listen.
(i) Goal/destination or recipient of an action/activity

[Person]-占쏙옙占쏙옙/占쏙옙: recipient of action
(1) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쌕억옙, 占쏙옙占�占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙화 占쏙옙占쏙옙 占싹쇽옙占쏙옙?
   占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占싣니울옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙 占쌔울옙.
         占쏙옙占싱억옙占쏙옙 占싸몌옙占�占쏙옙 占쏙옙화 占쏙옙占쏙옙 占싹쇽옙占쏙옙?
   占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쌔울옙.

Image 1 : L  callsisImage 2 : G   callparents

(2) 占쏙옙占쏙옙占승몌옙占쌕삼옙占쏙옙占싱억옙占쏙옙占�. 占쌓뤄옙占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占싹곤옙카占썲를占쌍억옙占쏙옙占�.

(3) 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌍몌옙占쏙옙占승몌옙占쏙옙占싹곤옙占쏙옙占쌕억옙占�占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占신울옙占쏙옙.

 Object]-占쏙옙: goal or destination point
(4) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙, 占싻깍옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙첼占쏙옙禿占쏙옙?
 占쏙옙占쏙옙클: 9占시울옙占쌉억옙占�.

(5) 占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙, 홍占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙화占싹쇽옙占쏙옙?
      占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌔울옙.

(6) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌍몌옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌀거울옙占쏙옙?
  占쏙옙占쏙옙클: 占쏙옙占쏙옙占싹곤옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占쌕억옙占쏙옙占쏙옙陋占쏙옙탓占쏙옙占�

(ii) Source/point of origin or initiator of an action/activity

[Person]-占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙: source person/initiator of action
(7) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쌕억옙, 占쏙옙占싹쇽옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占싱받았억옙占�?
    占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占싹곤옙책占쏙옙占쌨았억옙占�.
    占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙 占쌨았억옙占�?
    占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌨았억옙占�.

 (8) 占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클, 占싱몌옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙 占쏙옙화占쌉억옙占�.
    占쏙옙占쏙옙클: 占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙.

 (9) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쌕억옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌔울옙.
    占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙. 占쌓뤄옙占쏙옙, 占쏘떻占쌉알았억옙占�?
    占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙.

[Object]-占쏙옙占쏙옙: point of origin or initial point
(10) 占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙占시울옙占쏙옙占싶울옙?
  占쏙옙占쏙옙클: 8占쏙옙 40占싻울옙占쏙옙占싶울옙.
     Image 3 : G   grcomeout
(11) 占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클, 占싻깍옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙화占쌉억옙占�.
     占쏙옙占쏙옙클: 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙?
     占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占싱쇽옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占싱쇽옙占쏙옙.

Notes
1. Some actions, such as giving, offering, asking, teaching, telephoning, sending (letters or messages), etc., involve two parties, one a source person or initiator, and the other a recipient of the actions. Therefore, these events can be described either from the recipient perspective or from the source person/initiator perspective. From the source person perspective, the source person is the subject and the recipient (goal) is marked with the particle -占쏙옙占쏙옙, as in (1)-(3). From the recipient perspective, the recipient is the subject and the source person is marked by the particle -占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙, as in (7)-(9).

 2. When the recipient is a respectful senior, e.g. 占싸몌옙占�, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙, etc., a special honorific particle -占쏙옙 is used to mark the recipient, as in (1).

3. These particles are used only for animates (i.e. human beings and animals). As learned in Lesson (4) (G4.1), and Lesson 5 (G5.1, and also Tasks/Functions #3), a destination or goal location of those locomotion verbs such as 占쏙옙占쏙옙 'to go' and '占쏙옙占쏙옙' is indicated by the locative particle -占쏙옙, as in (4)-(6), and the source point or point of origin is indicated by the locative particle -占쏙옙占쏙옙, as in (10)-(11).

 4. The particle -占쏙옙 may be added onto -占쏙옙占쏙옙 or -占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙.
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占싱억옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙화占쌩억옙占�?
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙.
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쌕억옙占쏙옙占쌓듸옙 占쏙옙화占쌩억옙占�?
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쌕억옙占쏙옙占쌓듸옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙화占쌩억옙占�.

占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙 占쏙옙화占쌉억옙占�?
占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占쏙옙, 占쌉억옙占�.
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙占쏙옙 占쌉억옙占�?
占쏙옙티占쏙옙: 占쏙옙, 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙占쏙옙 占쌉억옙占�.

[占쏙옙占쏙옙 1] Describe who is doing what to whom in the given picture.
占쏙옙占쏙옙: 占쌨몌옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占쌈쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙 占쏙옙占쏙옙萬占�.
Image 4 : G   talkingtojames
Image 5 : G   askqImage 6 : G   giveflowerImage 7 : G   callsteve
(1) ________________________________________________________________

(2) ________________________________________________________________

(3) ________________________________________________________________

 [占쏙옙占쏙옙 2] Fill in the blank with a proper particle, choosing from the box.
 
-占쏙옙, -占쏙옙占쏙옙, -占쏙옙占쏙옙, -占쏙옙占쌓쇽옙

(1) 占쏙옙占쌕곤옙占쏙옙占쏙옙클_________ 占쏙옙화占쏙옙占쌩억옙占�.
(2) 占쏙옙占싱는삼옙占싹울옙占쏙옙티占쏙옙_________ 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쌨았억옙占�.
(3) 占쏙옙占쏙옙占� L.A._________ 占쏙옙화占쌩억옙占�.
(4) 占쏙옙占쏙옙클占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙_________ 占쏙옙占싹쇽옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙.
(5) 占쏙옙占쏙옙친占쏙옙_________ 占쏙옙화占쏙옙占쌉억옙占�.
(6) 占쏙옙占쏙옙_________ 占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙占쏙옙.
(7) 占쏙옙티占쏙옙쨈占쏙옙占�_________ 친占쏙옙_________ 占쏙옙占쏙옙占�.